Introduction
1. Statement of the problem
Epic literature occupies a very important place in the Iranian literary history. The social status of this genre is the major reason of this great importance. From the pre-history era, Iran has always been under attack of savage and barbarian or semi-barbarian ethnic groups. The attacks were not always to the same degree in the different parts of the country. In the western borders Iranians had civilized neighbors with whom they could establish ties and have mutual effects, but on the eastern borders uncivilized and nomadic peoples lived who attacked Iran to gain wealth and even livelihood and sustenance food. One of the major tasks of the ancient governments in Iran was to counter these attacks.
The cultural characteristic of this part of the country and the social and economic conditions prepared the ground for epic making; through we can not claim that epic is a single geography's product.