In this essay, the literal meaning of self _ sacrifice, its idiomatic expressions, the excellence of self _ sacrifice, difference between alimony and self _ sacrifice, kinds of self _ sacrifice (self _ sacrifice and properties, self _ sacrifice and Jihad, self _ sacrifice and martyrdom, self _ sacrifice and piety, self _ sacrifice and honor, self _ sacrifice and nature) have been investigated; the position of self _ sacrifice, its concept and illustrations in Qur’an and in the speeches of the innocent (A. S.), in the life of Prophet Muhammad (P. B. U. H) and Imams as well as respectful women of Islam has been studied. After these, self _ sacrifice in the Islamic Republic Era, characteristics of the one who sacrifices himself / herself, the requirements and obstacles of self _ sacrifice and the ways to promote it in society.