Armand, Mohammad

Selected Literary Texts about Martyrs and Martyrdom for the educational purposes of the Ministry of Education

News ID: ۸۰۶۴۴

جمعه - ۲۴ بهمن ۲۰۰۷ / 2007 24 November

One of the effective methods to make the young generations familiar with the concepts of Martyr and Martyrdom is to publish such concepts within the text books and educational programs of the Ministry of Education. The present study has been conducted to provide texts and concepts about Martyr and Martyrdom to be included and published in the text books according to the content and size of the books. In providing these texts, the following criteria have been taken in to account:
The ability and requirements of students and the characteristics of the text books in each stage, the scientific fame of the writer or authors and the scientific value of the texts provided; the provided texts include poems and prose texts on the importance and value of martyrs and martyrdom; they also include stories, memoirs, biography and Arabic texts that are brought forth for different stages of curriculum. In primary school due to the lack of abstract thought among the students, poetry can create positive view in them. Therefore suitable poetry has been chosen for each of these stages. So, in providing the material for the text books of guidance school and high school students their need and level of thought have been taken into account. In addition the sources and references have been specified by numbers so that if it was necessary the students could have access to the original source and references.
The name of the lessons that are already in the text books are written in italics and the concepts of martyr and martyrdom to be added to the text books of primary school are coming in parentheses:
1.The Persian Language Book of the first grade students in primary school: The poem named Iran Our Home (by the martyrs which explains the concept of martyr in a simple language) and Nourooz (meeting the Shahed and Veterans’ Families) as well as Memories of Revolution (The Martyrs of the Revolution).
2.The Persian Language Book of the second grade in primary school: A Letter from a Palestinian Child (the concepts of generosity and martyrdom), and Davazdah – e - Farvardin (April First), the day of the Islamic Republic, Davazdah – e – Bahman (February first), the date of the victory of the Islamic Republic, (a poem and a brief explanation about the life of the martyrs).
3.The Persian Language Book of the third grade students in primary school: Iran our Father Land (The martyrs of the Islamic Republic), Freedom (Karbala Event) and The Martyrs’ Square (indicating the reason for changing the name of the square from Jhaleh Square to Martyrs’ Square and bringing the concept of martyr in the exercises as well as adding a poem related to martyrdom after the above lesson), Our City Our Home (changing the name of the primary school to the primary school of the martyrs of the Islamic Revolution).
4.The Persian Language Book of the fourth grade studsents in primary school: The Basiji Youngster (Life of Shahid Fahmideh), Jihad Sazandegi (explaining the life of the personnel of this organization further), and Islamic republic (meeting with the martyrs’ and veteran’s families), as well as adding a poem about martyr and martyrdom to the lesson On the Love of the Fatherland.
5.The Persian Language Book of the fifth grade in primary school:

A)The Smell of the Moon, (changing the name of primary school to the Primary School of the Martyrs), Abuzar (His loyalty to Prophet Mohammad ( SA ) , his generosity and his martyrdom).
B)Explaining the term martyr in Reference Books and adding a brief biography of the martyrs to Ay! Iran the Land of Brave Men.
C)The generous deeds’ grandeur, and The Presence of the Tulips (the vacant place of the students who were martyred) and in Patience and Resilience (Generosity and martyrdom of Ammar) and in Thanks to You Ay! Broad Minded Teacher (the characteristics of martyrs are mentioned).

6.The Social Education of the third grade students in primary Schools: Dawn in Qom and Behesht – e – Zahraand (visiting the cemetery of thousands of martyrs) and the exercises of these lessons should be dedicated to relationship with martyrs. The Palaces of the Previous Regime and Mashhad (Death of Imam Reza); A Letter to a Good Friend (on a sample envelope where address is indicated, the students should be informed that the well known alleys and streets are named after the names of martyrs. Behesht – e – Zahra (to discuss visiting the martyrs’ tomb and to introduce this museum).
7.The Social education of the fourth grade in primary school: Why We Read History (we can be familiarized with the lives of the martyrs and their generous deeds while fighting). Adding a lesson under the title of “Becoming familiar with Republic Institutes and the Islamic Republic Foundation of Martyrs and Veterans Affair. The Islamic Republic Country (referring to martyrdom and generous ddeds of the martyrs as well as taking care of their families and being loyal to what they had done).
8.The Social education of the fifth grade in primary school: Imam Ali’s Caliphate (Imam Ali’s (AS) taking care of the martyrs families and his efforts to solve their problems) and Imam Hussein’s Revolt, and the Dictatorship of Reza Khan (the concept of fighting and martyrdom) as well as Glorious Revolution of the Islamic Republic of Iran and Generosity (the concept of martyrdom).
9.The Religious Education book for the second grade students in primary schools: Imam Ali (AS) Loved Children (a poem in a simple language is good to be added).
10.The Religious Education book for the third grade students in primary schools: Qur’an: God’s Message (Emphasizing resistance against the cruel), Imam Hassan Mojtaba ( AS ) and Imam Hussein ( AS ) , (Their lives and the way they were killed as well as their advices about fighting with cruelty), The Champion and Brave Child (fighting and death of Abdullah, son of Imam Hassan ( AS ), Green and Red Garden ( A poem about martyrdom and martyrs ) and the fourth lesson Imam Sajjad (AS).
11.The Religious Education Book of the Fourth Grade in Primary School: The Fifth, The sixth, The Seventh, and the eighth Imams (AS), (A brief summary of the holy wars and martyrdom of these four innocent Imams) and in The Next World at the time of rewarding, holy war and martyrdom can be added.
12. The Religious Education Book of the Fourth Grade in Primary School: Becoming Familiar with Religious Behavior and ethics, and On the Wing of Rainbow (A poem on martyrdom), Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Imams (AS), (a brief biography and martyrdom of these three Imams), and a lesson on The Next Year.
The name of the lessons that are already in the text books of the secondary school students are written in italics and the concepts of martyr and martyrdom to be added to these text books are coming in parentheses:

1.The Persian Language Book of the first grade students in secondary School: The third lesson, Grand Mother’s Eyes and the Victory of the Islamic Republic (the exercises and some points about martyrdom), Teacher (Man of Religion and Politics)), Like Swallows (The bravery of the Nomadic Tribes during the Holy Defense War), The Land of Honor and Epics (Azerbaijan people’s sightings during the constitution revolt), here Brave Fighters (a poem by Shariar is good to be published)
2.The Persian Language Book of the second grade students in secondary School: The Son of the Nation (Biography and martyrdom of Shahid Rejaei), The Smile of Geranium, a poem, The Paradigm of Generosity and Resilience (biography and martyrdom of Shahid Tondgoyan), The Oath That Was Never Broken (the memories of a released prisoner and his adventures), The Land of the White Gold (Generous deeds and martyrdom of people in Khozestan). Adding the memories of the martyrs to the to the sample memoirs.
Regarding composition, the poem on page 137 by Mr. Gheisar Amin pour be replaced by one of the other poems, again by him, but the one that is on generosity and martyrdom.
3.The Persian Language Book of the third grade students in secondary School: The Founder of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Biography of Imam Khomeini (RTA) and the way his son and companions were martyred during the course of war), due to the insufficiency of the above subjects, we can add the following topics: In the first and fifth chapter (Biography and martyrdom of a martyr) and in chapter six (A poem on generosity and martyrdom).
4.The Religious Education book for the first grade students in secondary schools: the third lesson (the meaning and concept of martyrdom), lesson four about the martyrs and their advices and Imam Hussein’s (AS) statements on the day of Ashura and lesson eleven (Prophet Mohammed’s (SA) announcement about his readiness to be martyred), lesson thirteen (the tale of a Christian who came to accept Islam and martyred afterwards is brought forth), lesson 17 (enthusiasm towards martyrdom).
5.The Religious Education book for the second grade students in secondary schools:
Faith and Resistance (The generosity and martyrdom of Ammar and Sommaieh), Lesson ten Basij (the role of the basijis during the holy defense war and their generosity and martyrdom) and after this lesson, inserting a lesson on the biography and martyrdom of a basiji youngster.
6.The Religious Education book for the third grade students in secondary schools:
Lesson four (the discussion of the martyrs in explaining about those who leave in heaven), Jihad and defense in Islam, behavior of the holy Imams (AS), (Resistance and martyrdom of Imams against cruel caliphs), Bringing the biography of a martyr after lesson eleven.
7.The Social Education book for the first grade students in secondary schools:
It is possible to discuss the coming questions in lesson eleven: (What is our duty about the martyrs? And how we can help decrease the problems of their families?).
8.The Social Education book for the second grade students in secondary schools: Chapter seven in Sympathy, we can refer to the duty of the Martyrs Foundation towards the Martyrs’ families.
9.The Social Education book for the third grade students in secondary schools: In chapter 2, The victory of Islamic Republic and 13th of Aban (November 4th), attention should be drawn to the martyrdom of the students in this day, in discussing government, in chapter 2, the role of the martyrs in forming the Islamic Government should be emphasized.
10.The history Book of the first grade students at guidance schools: in the first lesson under the title of The Importance and Use of History it is a good idea to indicate that by studying history one is familiarized with the biography, adventures, generous deeds and martyrdom of many martyrs who stood against cruelty.
11.The history Book of the second grade students at guidance schools: Imam Ali’s (AS) Caliphate, Caliphate of Bani Ommaieh in Damascus and Imam Hussein’s (AS) revolt and the way he was martyred, as well as the wars and martyrdom of Imam Mosa Kazem (AS) and Imam Reza (AS).
12.The history Book of the third grade students at guidance schools: Lesson eight (Fighting and Martyrdom of Sheikh Fazl Allah Nouri), Lesson ten (Fighting and Martyrdom of Shahid Modarres), lesson thirteen (Fighting and Martyrdom of Imam Khomeini (RTA) and the martyrdom of some of his companions) and lessons fourteen and fifteen (The victory of the Islamic Republic and martyrdom of his companions and his son).
13.Arabic Book of the first grade students at guidance schools: In the exercises of lesson 12, with regard to the existence of more concepts about martyrs and martyrdom in previous editions and in the Arabic text book of the second and third grade, it is necessary not to omit those concepts in the new editions.

Martyrdom and Martyr Terms and concepts to be published in the text books f the high school students:
1.Persian Literature (1): Lesson Nine (Defeaters of the Marshals) and a part of lesson 20 (Baghi’e Cemetery), and Shahid Chamran’s Praying at the end of the book, in chapter 3 a poem by Gheisar Amin Pour and Abd Al Amlekina can be replaced by some metaphors about Generosity and Martyrdom.
2.Persian Literature (1): Writing Memos (Including some memos by the martyrs), Lesson twenty eight (replacing Father’s house with a story about martyrdom and martyrs).
3.Persian Literature (2): Lesson eight (Appreciation of the martyrs), lesson24, (the poem named Traveler), chapter 3, (Literature of Resistance), it is possible to add poems and poetry on martyrs and martyrdom.
4.Literary Terms of the third grade: Lesson four: Along with the famous poem by Mohtasham Kashani which is about the chief of martyrs (AS), we can add poems about martyrdom and martyrs in different parts.
5. Persian Literature (5) for the third grade students: Chapter four Generosity and martyrdom, Sun’s Blood in Asura Event, The Call of the Cry, Borhani Hill (The memos of a veteran), The Garden of Look (Generous deeds of the veterans), page 87 (the generosity of the injured in war), chapter 8 (Literature of Resilience), Messenger (Relationship to martyrs and martyrdom), some quartets about martyrs and martyrdom.
6.Persian Literature (1 and 2) for the Pre - University Students: Lesson 12 with the title Familiar Dawn, Lesson 14 a poem by Gheisar AminPour, and lesson 16 generosity and martyrdom of Hussein Ibn Mansour. In chapter 6, life of the martyrs, in chapter seven, Literary Fiction, in chapter nine, modern literature, are good to be added in addition to tales and poems about martyr and martyrdom.
7.Persian Literature book for the Pre - University Students: in the examples of the first part it is good to add some poems about martyrdom.
8.Persian Literature book for the Pre - University Students in humanities: Lesson 8 and a poem by Mohtasham Kashani about Imam Hussein (AS) and a poem at the end of this lesson about this Imam. Lesson Eleven, Twelve, thirteen and fourteen (a poem: Blood Line), and the other one, Indemnity of This Blood Has Remained on Us for Ever. The Life and Martyrdom of Shahid Motahhari is good to be added to chapter seven.
9.History of Iran and the World 1 (the first part) for the second grade students at high school: Lesson thirteen (martyrdom of the Muslims in the holy wars of Badr, Ghazveh, and Ohod), lesson fourteen (Martyrdom of Ali and his companion), lesson 15 (Martyrdom of Imam Hussein), Biography and martyrdom of Imam Zain Al Abedin (AS), lesson sixteen (life and martyrdom of Imam Mosa Kazem (AS), imam Reza (AS), Imam Hadi (AS) and Imam Hassan Asghari (AS)). The subject of this book about martyrdom and martyr is enough by adding these subjects.
10.The Modern History of the third grade students at high school: Lesson eight, about activities and fighting of Sheikh Faz Allah Nouri, Lesson nine, (the martyrdom photography of Shahid Khiabani), Lessons twelve, fourteen and fifteen (Activities of Mirza Koochik Khan, Modarres, and Navab Safavi), lesson 17 - 23 (the political campaigns of Imam Khomeini); the topics in the parentheses are good to be added to this book and in Shahid Modarres it is good to add some memos from this holy and dear martyr.
11.The History of Islamic and Muslim Governments of the third grade students: Lessons 6 and 7, the holy wars of Ohod, Khandagh, Moteh, and Kheibar, lesson twelve, martyrdom of Amir Al Momenin (Chief of martyrs) and Malik Ashtar. Lesson thirteen, Karbala Event, lesson sixteen, life and martyrdom of the fifth, eighth, and ninth, tenth, and eleventh Imams. The volume of the above book on the discussed issue is enough yet it is advisable if the biography and martyrdom of some martyrs are added.

12. History of pre university students in humanities: In addition to the available subjects about martyrdom and martyrs and lesson eleven (Biography and nature of human beings), it is possible to add a biography and some memos from the martyrs.
13.Arabic (1) of the second grade students at high school: Lesson two (Martyrdom of Owais) and fighting with property and life. It is possible to choose some parts of the chapter 2 and present them in this book and also it is possible to write some brief sentences and expressions.
14.Arabic (2) of the second grade students at high school: Lesson Two, the importance of martyr and Jihad with one’s life and wealth, lesson four and lesson seven (the importance of martyrdom), lesson ten (coming of Imam Hussein (AS)), lesson thirteen (The fighters of God, the paradigm of martyrdom and brotherhood).
15.Arabic (2) of the second grade students at high school that is for all majors except for Humanities: Lessons fourteen, eight and nine (The importance of martyrdom and an ayah from holy Qur’an) as well as adding a unit on martyrdom and martyrs.
16.Arabic (3) of the second grade students at high school: Lesson 6, Heroic Resilience, lesson eight, self sacrifice and abnegation of one’s life for the4 sake of God, lesson nine. In this book martyrdom and martyrs are mentioned sufficiently.
17.Arabic 4 for the third grade students of Humanities: Lessons 1, 3, 5, 8, 9 and 10 (Referring to martyrdom, mentioning the catastrophe of the chief of martyrs and victory of the martyrs), lessons 11 and 13 a poem on martyrs and importance of martyrs in the exercises. Lesson 14 referring to the martyrs of Karbala, lesson 15 an ayah from Qur’an and lesson 16 absolving all the sins of martyrs.
18.Arabic 1 and 2 for the pre university students of humanities: Lesson three (Martyrs the light for people), lesson 10 (the importance of Jihad by one’s property, life and tongue), the exercises of lesson 9 and 12 (choosing and adding Arabic texts to the book), and lessons 4, 6, and 8.
19.The Islamic Insight (1): Due to the importance of the topics that are discussed in this book, it is not appropriate to add concepts such as martyr and martyrdom. Only in lesson nine the concepts of Martyr and martyrdom can be discussed since they stem from faith and feeling responsibility.
20.The Islamic Insight (2): Lesson 11 (biography and martyrdom of the martyrs are good to be discussed. In lesson 10 Jihad and martyrdom of the companions of the holy Imams are good to be discussed.
21. The Islamic Insight (3): There is no lesson here in this book about martyrs and martyrdom; so it is possible to add it in lesson 14 (To become familiar with the thoughts of the founder of the Islamic Republic), it is also possible to make use of the thoughts of Imam Khomeini (RTA) about martyrs and martyrdom as well as his advices toward the youths.
22.The Islamic Insight (1 and 2) for the pre - university students: Lesson five (Fighting for the sake of God), lesson ten Prophet Mohammad (SA)’s Hadith about martyrs and martyrdom. It is possible to add some points about martyrs and martyrdom in lessons 5 and 10.
23.Lessons from the Book of Qur’an Specified for the first grade at high school: Lesson 7 (The Martyrs do not die), the 154th ayah of Cow Surah (Relationship to martyrs and martyrdom); with regard to the characteristics of the book the volume of these concept is enough.
24.Lessons from the Book of Qur’an Specified for the second grade at high school: Lesson ten (Interpreting some ayahs about martyrs and martyrdom) and the volume of these concepts is enough.
25.Lessons from the Book of Qur’an Specified for the third grade at high school: Since there is no topic on martyrdom and martyrs it is suitable if one of the lessons is specified to be dedicated to the concepts of martyrs and martyrdom. The subjects on these concepts can be brought from Qur’an.