Analysis of the geographic of war and sacred defense martyrs

While the Russian Tsar and his substitute, the socialist soviet Republics Union, was the strategic threatened of Iran from the beginning of 19th century until 1990, after 1960 the outer real center of tangible threat was only Iraq. The rotation of 2country was disturbed from 1960 to 1975. After short term peace, which was because of the contract of 1975, two countries encountered the longest term wow experience after Vietnam War in the 20thceutury. So for the fist tine in 20th century, Iran could bear 95 month war and the wore important thing was that it was for the first tine that Iran had main role in imposed war. As western inter peters have repeated for many times, this role was not be cause of precise organizing of powers or using of weapons and modern Technology, but it was the result of utilizing the human resources. Distribution of martyrs of Iran in different geographical parts indicates that almost all of people of Iran have accepted the defense task as are necessary and vital responsibility. This research has tried either to analyze the wow geographic martyrs and the sacred defense or to give a perspective of devotion geographic and martyrdom Of 8 years war and holy defer by utilizing descript ional analytical method, Data's and documented statistics.

News ID: ۱۱۷۰۳۲

دوشنبه - ۰۶ مهر ۲۰۰۸ / 2008 06 July

The principle method in this research is analytical-statistical method which has been done by Excel and GIS soft ware, but the descriptional-analytical method has been used too, because this research has theoretical nature too.

Introduction:
The imposed war of Iraq against Iran was the most long lasting war which occurred between two 3 rd world countries.
This war could attract every one, from public thoughts of nations to international politicians and strategy makers in different countries for a decade.
The unperfected war affected on international and regional safety and peace in different aspects and in extended ranges.
In this war the principle of fighter Islam was formed and self-reline and lack of paying attention to poles of power was revealed in developing society.
During a few days after army attack of Iraq, most of people and political groups called their fans to resist against enemy with statement, and giving information.
And all of them including left and right, conservatives, religious and non religious groups went to defend in fronts people from every parts of Iran took part in war.
While they didn't consider race, blood, nationality, language.
They devoted and participated in war and defended their country and showed their agreement with war and after 94 months resistance against the cruel is transgression and encroachment of that time showed the myth of resistance and strength to all of the people from all over the world victorious and honored.
This paper is going to illustrate the devotion and martyrdom by statistical analysis and using of soft ware of GIS.
This research shows that all of the people from all parts of Iran have attended in war fields by relying on national identity and heart beliefs to protect the holy aims of Islam and country.
A brief view to the war and holy defense:
There is no doubt that the innocent and original nature of human tends to peace and calmness and prefers coexisting and cooperation in safe and trustful circumstance to war and blood shed and murdering and robbery which are as terrible as natural incidents like earth quake, plague and flood.
War is as one of disasters that is imposed to a country not arbitrary in some cases.
War imposes destruction and irreparable financial, physical and mental damages to nation and in most cases a lot of time should be spent in order to forget the out cones and results of that to some extend.
In Shahrirar 31, 1359 (September 22, 1980) Iraq military start to attack to Iran
By well-armed and pre organized army.
A rush that resulted in the longest, the most shedding blood.
Destruction wars in the world after 2nd world war and one of the most painful, distressful wars while it was the most honored war of history of Islamic country.
The attack of Iraq to Iran with 48 organized and well-armed armies with supporting of 800 artilleries, 540 tanks, 366 airplane and 400 helicopters the purpose of leaders of Iraq from this attack was the cancellation of contract of 1975, division of Khuzestan and at last destruction of Islamic Republic of Iran.
When Iraq started this destructive imposed war against Iran, the leaders of Iraq did not hide their intention to ruin Islamic Republic of Iran and remove Islamic Revolution and wore out the agreement of 1975 between 2 countries on TV.
If the beginning of war by Iraq was because of lack of military power of Iran to prevent the enemy to attach, so what factors was resulted in despair and prevent enemy to reach his purposes?
The answer of this question will became clear by analyzing and surveying the statistics and numbers related to martyrs of war and holy defense.
So after 26 years from the beginning of the war and 18 years from the end of it, surveying of legal political, military and economical aspects of war is cautious now.
The war between Iran and Iraq with the characteristics of the longest and the most expensive military war in contemporary history in middle east and 2 world power and their companies who had one side protection in cold war and the more important than that the last solving with making peace between two countries, Iran and Iraq, and other issues have caused that the reason of war, the way of fighting and the finishing of war to be considered and discussed for many years.
The formation of fields and set of criteria that caused war have been the most serious discussion because of Military political and legal their results.
4 – Distribution of geographic martyrs:
Distribution of the geography of martyrs of war and sacred defense covers all of province of the country and this means that different people from different groups with different race participated in war to defend their own country against cruel enemy.
As you see in graph and plan number (7).
The rate of dense of the geographic martyrs of war and sacred defense shows that Tehran has the most intensity and the southern and western so with provinces which include southern khorasan, Sistan- Baluchestan, Hormozgan, Boushehr, Kohkiloye-Boyer Ahmad have the lowest intensity of martyrs.
1-4 – some points related to distribution of geography of martyrs of war and sacred defense the graph of intensity of martyrs, (graph 1) shows the number and percent of martyrs Tehran, Esfahan, Razavi khorasan, Fars and Khuzestan Provinces is the most.
This in one side is because of their high population in comparison with other provinces, and on the other side it is because of their religious beliefs, because these provinces except Khuzestan were far from war zone and they were exposed to the attack of enemy is rackets and missile and airplanes.
All of provinces of Iran which had martyrs during war have been divided in to 3 groups in a hierarchy which contains high or level, lower level and the average ones.
In first group just Tehran is placed it has had about 40086 martyrs and it is about 300%17 percent of whole amount of martyrs.
It seems that because Tehran it the political and economical centre of country and the leadership war and Military operations and its strategic importance and exposing to planes, missiles and rockets of enemy, its high population and to some extend their national and religious beliefs have caused Tehran had the most number of martyrs.
I 2nd (second) group-average: Esfahan, Razavi khorasan, Khuzestan, Fars, East Azerbaijan and west Azerbaijan are in clouded.
Their percent in order are 28%4 – 63%6 – 7%6 – 75%7 – 34%10 – 21%4 percent of whole amount of martyrs.
Also these provinces were far from the war zone, they have been exposed such situation because of their high population, exposing to planes, missiles and rockets of enemy and their religions and notional beliefs.
And At last the 3 rd group (lower than average) includes the rest of provinces.
These areas have had the lowest amount of martyrs of country because they were far from war zone and far from enemy's airplanes, missiles and also because of their low population.
3 - The average percent of martyrs in through out country is about 39%3 and Kerman shah precisely with this.
Percent has been considered as Middle and average province.
4 – as you can see in the diagram the most number and percentage of martyrs of sacred defense and war is related to western half of country.
This result is because of 2 following reasons:
A – Being far from the war zone geographically, low population, being far from planes and missiles of enemy in eastern half of country.
The diagram is the ranking of the average of geographic martyrs in country scale:
B – high population, great religious and national beliefs location of Tehran as the official, political, leadership center and guide of war, being near to war zone, being in reach ness of enemy's plane, missiles and etc country has a reasonable percentage and balanced manner with considering raised reasons.
5 – Distribution of geographic martyrs and Military divisions:
The diagram 2 shows the percentage of intensity of geographic martyrs of sacred defense between different Military divisions of country.
As you can see, the mobilization force with 47 percent has had the highest percentage of martyrs in sacred defense and war.
The percentage of other Military divisions is seen in the diagram too.
1-5- points related to the rate of participation of Military divisions in war and holy defense
The high percentage of rate of participation of mobilization force has been just because this force has had more population in comparsion with other divisions and people from all over Iran were sent to war.
2 – Another reason of great rate of participation of mobilization force is related to the duty and responsibility which this force has in order to defend nation and land.
All of other forces have the responsibility of our country and making peace and they have educated and skillful persons, the members of mobilization force have accepted to be a member and defend and fight arbitrary and optionally.
Because they know defense as a religious and Islamic duty and times causes that women, men, old and the youth from every nation take part in it.
3- According to the number of existing forces in different military divisions, rate and the percentage of martyrs in all of divisions have balanced condition.
An this imply the active participation all of the Military divisions in the field of national defense the diagram 3 shows that forces and military divisions have presented 6%84 percent of whole amount of martyrs of war and sacred defense and this is because of the nature of this group of community that has the duty of protection and defense in country.
The mobilization force has 39 percent of martyrs and it is a document to union, cooperation and agreement of Iran nation.
The diagram 4 shows the ratio of the number of martyrs of Military and support division of country to whole amount of martyrs of country.
This amount for all of Military divisions is 185434 individual from the whole 219123 individuals martyrs of wow and holy defense.
6- The geography of martyrs of war and participation of social groups:
The diagram 5 shows the percentage of martyrs based on their job.
This diagram includes impotent points in the field of people participation in war and holy defense.
The diagram 5 is the participation of different groups of Iran nation is the field of war and defense.
Although this percentage shows 34 percent of whole amount of martyrs, it seems that some of people have been the members of Military and support divisions.
So statistics and numbers related to public and social occasions have paradox with statistic of whole martyrs.
So with consideration of whole statistics and number of martyrs of Military and support divisions which is 6%? 84 percent from whole martyrs, the real statistic of public should 3%15 percent.
2- Diagram 6 is the sexual percentage of martyrs of war and holy defense.
The percentage of martyr students in different groups of society, separated from Military divisions, shows the highest parentage which is remarkable to a country.
3- Specialization of the rate of 14%1 percent from whole statistics of martyrs of child, while this amount for jobs like art, journalist, photographer, film taker student and spiritual and their percentage in order and %6 - %6 – 32%1 – 53%1 shows the high percent aye of martyrs of these group of society.
The main message of this is sue is that residential and non military areas of country have been attacked by enemy's missiles and planes.
7) The geography of martyrs of war and sacred defense and sexuality according to diagram 6, about 7%97 percent of martyrs of war and sacred defense were male.
This percentage includes 2%2696 individuals and 3%2 percent.
It means that 6427 individuals were female.
According to this statistics and numbers related to sexuality, it is obvious that the majority of martyrs of female was because of bombardment of residential and non military areas and the majority of male martyrs was is the fronts and fighting field.
The ratio of number of female to male is 1 to 33.
8) Deduction
According to represented statistics and numbers and carried out analysis in this research, the following results and able to be reasoned.
A) Islamic Republic of Iran has experienced the most long lasting war in 20th century during 8 years of sacred defense after Vietnam War.
The whole nation of Islamic Iran have presented in war from different parts of Iran to defend their land.
All of the cities of Iran, without any exception, have participated in defense.
Although this participation related to some factors like population importance and being strategic in some cities like Tehran, Tabriz, Shiraz, Esfahan,…., the percentage of martyrs in different cities and provinces has a balanced situation.
So Iran Nation is the symbol of union, devotion cooperation… during 8 years of defense and war.
B) By considering these statistics and numbers and participation of different groups of society in defending their water, land and social.
We can almost see all people from different levels of society including old, youth, child, woman, man, businessman, spiritual, judge, teacher, doctor, driver, student, university student, artist, worker, employee farmer and etc have taken part in war and each of these groups has a share in war and defense.
This matter to some extend illustrates sympathy, union, the sense of responsibility of people in war and defense.
C) About 20 percent of martyrs of war and sacred defense are related to infants, teenagers and youth.
This rate of martyr for a country for a people in these ages is very high.
Destructions and damages of a 8 years war for Iran from the side of the world dictator are appealed more with observing this statistics.
D) Geographers, sociologists and politicians emphasizes on a series of criteria, which one of them is the rate of faithfulness to their own government and purposes and government thoughts, to show the sense of union and agreement of a nation.
Iran nation represented this characteristic in a good way and these is very valuable for supervisors and govern for designing inner- foreign, safety, defensive politics strategies.
e) The land as a bed for forming the variety of identities, such as land, historical, lingual, religious identity which forms national identity of a nation, has an important role.
Tran land has been the most principle factor and coherence of Iranian during the history of Iran.
The war and sacred defense contains this massage that Iranians are union and concrete in spite of their differences in languages religion and race and fight against foreigners as unique identity.